Gender Inequality: Entrepreneurship Development in the MENA Region

Bettina Lynda Bastian · Beverly Dawn Metcalfe · Mohammad Reza Zali

116 citations0/0 files storedSustainability

No readable copy stored yet — this record is metadata only.

No open-access location is known for this record yet.

Literature note Cite in a project Citation map

Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences Gender Diversity and Inequality Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy

Abstract

Entrepreneurship is increasingly popular among policy makers worldwide to promote and achieve economic development and growth. However, entrepreneurship rates differ from one country to another, and particularly the number of women entrepreneurs is still significantly lower than the number of male entrepreneurs in many contexts. In the present paper, we critically assess how country measures of gender inequality shape men and women’s entrepreneurial intentions, which were shown in literature to be excellent predictors of the establishment of new ventures. We analyze the direct and moderating effects of gender inequality on important individual-level antecedents of entrepreneurial intention. The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) identified gender inequality as a key contributor to the loss of human development and declared “gender equality” as a sustainable development goal (SDG) in the UN 2030 agenda. Our research draws on the gender inequality index and GEM data from nine Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) countries. Our results show that a culture of inequality leads to limited entrepreneurial behavior by both men and women in a population.

Paper brief

Loading…

Cite this work

Citation unavailable for this work.

BibTeX RIS CSL-JSON

No public copy is stored for this record, so only the metadata is cited.

Citations in this library

Citation map →

Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 116 citations exist upstream.

References

2001Social Cognitive Theory: An Agentic Perspective 2000The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research 2000Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions 2009Gender Differences in Preferences 2003The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs 2004Social Structure and Organizations 1 1998Does entrepreneurial self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers?2005The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions.

Cited by

2022Women Entrepreneurship for Sustainability: Investigations on Status, Challenges, Drivers, and Potentials in Qatar 2022Female entrepreneurship, creating shared value, and empowerment in tourism; the neutralizing effect of gender-based discrimination 2022Reformulating the empowerment process through women entrepreneurship in a collective context 2023Empowerment sustainability perspectives for Bahraini women as entrepreneurs 2022Female Entrepreneurship for Sustainable Economy and Development—Challenges, Drivers, and Suggested Policies for Resource-Rich Countries

Explore the map →

Papers that cite the same references — the relational fallback while embeddings are still backfilling.

Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.