School Novels, Women's Work, and Maternal Vocationalism

Heather Julien

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American and British Literature Analysis Gender and Feminist Studies Ayn Rand and Brontë studies

Abstract

This article examines three school novels within a framework of maternal vocationalism versus materialist approaches to women's work. It considers the materialist orientation of Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre with regard to women's teaching work and Brontë's rejection of the maternal vocational model. By contrast, Clemence Dane's 1917 novel, Regiment of Women, valorizes maternal vocational approaches to teaching and decries the single woman professional teacher, invoking as she does so some anti-spinster and anti-lesbian stereotypes. Winifred Holtby's 1936 novel South Riding rejects the maternal vocationalism and anti-spinsterism of Dane's novel and reappropriates Jane Eyre's discourse of equality and the Victorian legacy of materialism.

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References

1980The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary Imagination.1985Three Women's Texts and a Critique of Imperialism 1981The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary Imagination 1994The apparitional lesbian: female homosexuality and modern culture 1990Uneven Developments: The Ideological Work of Gender in Mid-Victorian England.1990Womanly Duties: Maternalist Politics and the Origins of Welfare States in France, Germany, Great Britain, and the United States, 1880-1920 1986Independent Women: Work and Community for Single Women 1850-1920 1973Suffer and Be Still: Women in the Victorian Age

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