Article2019

United We Stand, Divided We Kneel: Examining Perceptions of the NFL Anthem Protest on Organizational Reputation

14 citations0/0 files storedCommunication & Sport

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Public Relations and Crisis Communication Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification Corporate Identity and Reputation

Abstract

During a 2016 National Football League (NFL) preseason game, former San Francisco 49er quarterback, Colin Kaepernick sat during the playing of the national anthem in protest of police brutality. His actions prompted national outrage: ultimately calling into question his national identity and patriotism towards the United States. The anthem protest continued throughout the 2016 and through the 2017 season. Consequently, the NFL decided to implement a national anthem policy to discipline players who continued to protest. Thus, this study examined individuals’ perceptions of the NFL’s crisis responsibility in handling the anthem protest and how it affected their reputation. Further, this study examined national identity and patriotism as mediators between crisis responsibility and organizational reputation. Results indicated that national identity did not serve as a mediator and that only one level of patriotism mediated the relationship. A discussion was also forwarded.

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References

1979The Social psychology of intergroup relations 2007Protecting Organization Reputations During a Crisis: The Development and Application of Situational Crisis Communication Theory 1988ENACTED SENSEMAKING IN CRISIS SITUATIONS [1]1989Toward a Measure of Patriotic and Nationalistic Attitudes 2002Helping Crisis Managers Protect Reputational Assets 2010Organizational Reputation: A Review 2007American Patriotism, National Identity, and Political Involvement 1999On the Varieties of National Attachment: Blind Versus Constructive Patriotism

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2021The Effects of Athlete Activism on League Credibility, Event Legacy, and Event Involvement: A Crisis Communication Perspective 2022Image Repair Using Social Identity Leadership: An Exploratory Analysis of the National Football League’s Response to the National Anthem Protests 2020Does the form of protest matter? Examining attitudes toward different forms of athletes’ protests against police brutality and injustice

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