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The recent history of women's mobilization in Argentina raises two issues: does the Argentine democratic system itself discriminate against women's participation? and to what extent is women's demobilization a consequence of the women's own political discourse? The struggles of women against the dictatorship have been understood as a novel phenomenon, but they are part of a historical tradition of women's struggles that can be traced back to the latter part of the nineteenth century. The Madres' success depended on a symbolic politics based on respect for the traditional role of women. The National Movement of Housewives, a new political actor in the fight against poverty, began by distancing itself from both politics and the traditional activities of women: "Our movement is not one of women who have extra time for charitable activities". The democratic state supported change by opening new institutional spaces to deal with women's issues, following the example of the Brazilian posttransition state.
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