Cross-Country Trends in Affective Polarization

Levi Boxell, Matthew Aaron Gentzkow, Jesse M. Shapiro

2020-01-01reportNational Bureau of Economic Research359 citationsclosed

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Electoral Systems and Political Participation Social Policy and Reform Studies Fiscal Policies and Political Economy

Abstract

We measure trends in affective polarization in twelve OECD countries over the past four decades.According to our baseline estimates, the US experienced the largest increase in polarization over this period.Five countries experienced a smaller increase in polarization.Six countries experienced a decrease in polarization.We relate trends in polarization to trends in potential explanatory factors.

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