Oil rents and economic growth in oil-abundant MENA countries: Governance is the trump card to escape the resource trap

Siham Matallah · Amal Matallah

22 citations0/0 files storedLoyola eCommons (Loyola University of Chicago)

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Natural Resources and Economic Development Energy, Environment, Economic Growth Economic Growth and Development

Abstract

The present paper aims, on the one hand, to test the impact of oil rents on economic growth and examine the main symptoms of the resource curse phenomenon in oil-abundant MENA countries, and on the other hand, to investigate the role of governance in avoiding the resource curse and turning oil rents into a tool for economic diversification in 11 MENA oil exporters (Algeria, Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen) over the period 1996-2014, by using pooled OLS, fixed effects, random effects and generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators. The main findings indicate that MENA oil exporters’ growth is greatly and positively influenced by oil rents. Likewise, these economies have been diagnosed with resource curse. The results also show that governance is a key ingredient in the diversification recipe, while, oil rents frustrate economic diversification by encouraging rent-seeking activities. The multiplicative interaction term between governance index and oil rents indicates that the combined effect of these two variables is effective in promoting diversification. In a nutshell, the enhancement of MENA oil-exporters’ good governance capabilities is the way out of the resource curse because it can turn oil wealth into a boon and offer these oil-abundant countries more opportunities for economic diversification and thereby can enable them to generate robust and sustainable economic growth.

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References

1991Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations 1995Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models 1995Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models 1989Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries 2006Institutions and the Resource Curse 2001Reversal of Fortune: Geography and Institutions in the Making of the Modern World Income Distribution 1997I Just Ran Two Million Regressions 2006Political foundations of the resource curse

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