Bulgaria: collective bargaining eroding, but still existing

Abstract

Bulgaria is the poorest member of the European Union (EU). It had a difficult economic and political transition and faces substantial demographic challenges. During the postcommunist transition industrial relations and collective bargaining practices developed in the context of a dynamic political, economic and social environment. The Bulgarian state could be characterised as weak, in Bohle and Greskovits’ typology (2012), postponing or imposing reforms without domestic consent and locking the fragile economy into ‘low-road’ competitiveness policies.

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