Rushing Gunshot Victims to Trauma Care: The Influence of First Responders and the Challenge of the Geography

David N. Hatten · Kevin T. Wolff

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Gun Ownership and Violence Research Crime Patterns and Interventions Trauma and Emergency Care Studies

Abstract

Past research exploring correlates to gunshot wound fatality have focused on the distance between the victim/incident location and trauma care facilities. Far less is known regarding the role of first responders in linking individuals to trauma care services. This study introduces a new method for measuring proximity to trauma care services and first responder locations, using the STATA OSRMTIME package to assess this relationship. A positive and significant relationship was found between travel time, measured in minutes, from first responder locations and the likelihood of gunshot fatality, controlling for age, race, sex, and, injury severity.

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References

2005GIS and Crime Mapping 2015Firearm injuries in the United States 2000Socioeconomic status and injury mortality: individual and neighbourhood determinants 1999Geographic Profiling 2016Calculate Travel Time and Distance with Openstreetmap Data Using the Open Source Routing Machine (OSRM)2001Gun violence—the real costs 1991The Effects of Weaponry on Human Violence 2019Distance to trauma centres among gunshot wound victims: identifying trauma ‘deserts’ and ‘oases’ in Detroit

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