Phoenicians and Greeks as Comparable Contemporary Migrant Groups

Abstract

Modern scholars have created a false dichotomy by setting Greek agricultural settlements in opposition to Phoenician trading posts, a dichotomy that effectively denies the Phoenicians a role in the spread of urbanism through the western Mediterranean during the Archaic period of colonization. Instead of granting one group or the other a civilizing monopoly, we treat those participating in settlement and trade networks as playing similar roles in roughly contemporary, comparable, and competitive processes. They both exploit similar resources, replicate independent cities (QRT/polis) and dependent ports (MḤZ/emporion), occupy merchant enclaves and military garrisons, and transfer cultural and political institutions.

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