Are ED-based violence intervention programmes effective in reducing revictimisation and perpetration in victims of violence? A systematic review

J Brice · Adrian A. Boyle

49 citations0/0 files storedEmergency Medicine Journal

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Intimate Partner and Family Violence Crime Patterns and Interventions Gun Ownership and Violence Research

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Community violence bears significant human and economic costs. Furthermore, victims requiring ED treatment are at a greater risk of violent reinjury, arrest due to perpetration and violent death. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ED-based violence intervention programmes (EVIPs), which aim to reduce future violence involvement in these individuals. METHODS: We performed a systematic literature review searching MEDLINE, Embase, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science, in addition to hand-searching. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included if they enrolled victims of community violence requiring ED treatment, evaluated interventions taking place in the ED and used violent revictimisation, arrests or intermediate outcome measures as endpoints. We included trials that had a Jadad score of 2 or above. RESULTS: 297 records were identified, and 13 articles were included in our final qualitative analysis, representing 10 RCTs and 9 different EVIPs. The risk of selection bias was low; the risk of performance, detection and attrition bias was moderate. 9 out of 13 papers reported statistically significant improvements in one or more outcome measures related to violence, including violent reinjury and arrests due to violence perpetration. CONCLUSION: The results of this literature review show that EVIPs may be capable of reducing violent reinjury and arrests due to violence perpetration. Larger RCTs, taking place in different regions, in different age groups and using different techniques, are justified to determine which conditions may be required for success and whether EVIPs are generalisable.

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References

2003Violence and risk of PTSD, major depression, substance abuse/dependence, and comorbidity: Results from the National Survey of Adolescents.1998Youth Violence in the United States 2003Helping Adolescents at Risk: Prevention of Multiple Problem Behaviors 2014Violent Reinjury and Mortality Among Youth Seeking Emergency Department Care for Assault-Related Injury 2014Hospital-centered violence intervention programs: a cost-effectiveness analysis 2016Recurrent violent injury: magnitude, risk factors, and opportunities for intervention from a statewide analysis 2007Characterizing the Teachable Moment 2008Randomized Trial of a Case Management Program for Assault-Injured Youth

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