Engaging male students with mental health support: a qualitative focus group study

Ilyas Sagar-Ouriaghli · June S. L. Brown · Vinay Tailor · Emma Louise Godfrey

64 citations0/0 files storedBMC Public Health

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Mental Health Treatment and Access Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Gender Roles and Identity Studies

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Males are less likely to seek help for mental health difficulties compared to females. Despite considerable interest, a paucity of evidence-based solutions exists to address this. Concerns about students' mental health has led to the United Kingdom's Department of Education to make this a priority. Studies have shown that male students hold more negative attitudes towards the use of psychological services compared to female students and are less likely to seek help. A major concern is that male students make up 69% of university suicides, which is often associated with lower rates of help-seeking. This focus group study therefore sought to identify potential approaches that would be relevant to improving mental health help-seeking in male students. METHODS: Three focus groups comprising of 24 male students at a London University were conducted. Participants were asked questions exploring: the barriers to seeking help, what would encourage help-seeking, how an appropriate intervention should be designed, and how to publicise this intervention to male students. Thematic analysis was conducted to evaluate participants responses. RESULTS: Five distinct themes were identified. These were: 1) protecting male vulnerability, 2) providing a masculine narrative of help-seeking, 3) differences over intervention format, 4) difficulty knowing when and how to seek help, and 5) strategies to sensitively engage male students. CONCLUSIONS: These themes represent important considerations that can be used, together with the existing literature about male help-seeking, to develop more male friendly interventions that are suitable for male students. This could help improve help-seeking attitudes and the uptake of mental health interventions for male students experiencing emotional distress.

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References

2006Using thematic analysis in psychology 2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2013Purposeful Sampling for Qualitative Data Collection and Analysis in Mixed Method Implementation Research 2013Content analysis and thematic analysis: Implications for conducting a qualitative descriptive study 1919The American Psychological Association 2019To saturate or not to saturate? Questioning data saturation as a useful concept for thematic analysis and sample-size rationales 2009What is an adequate sample size? Operationalising data saturation for theory-based interview studies

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