Mental health of healthcare workers during the COVID ‐19 pandemic in Italy

Marialaura Di Tella · Annunziata Romeo · Agata Benfante · Lorys Castelli

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COVID-19 and Mental Health Occupational Health and Burnout Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic represents one of the most stressful events of recent times. Among the population, healthcare professionals who treat COVID-19 patients are most likely to develop psychological distress and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). The present study thus aimed to investigate the psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on Italian healthcare workers. METHODS: The responses of 145 healthcare workers (72 medical doctors and 73 nurses) were included in the final dataset. Participants were asked to provide sociodemographic and clinical information, and to complete: (a) quality of life and health-related Visual Analogue Scales, (b) State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Form Y1, (c) Beck Depression Inventory, and (d) PTSD Checklist for DSM-5. RESULTS: A comparison between healthcare professionals working in COVID-19 wards and other units revealed that the former reported higher levels of both depressive symptoms and PTSS. Moreover, the results of regression analyses showed that in healthcare professionals working with COVID-19 patients, gender and marital status, and gender and age significantly predicted depressive symptoms and PTSS, respectively. Particularly, being female and not in a relationship were found to be associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms, whereas being female and older were found to be related to higher levels of PTSS. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings suggest that specific predisposing factors could identify healthcare workers who are at high risk of developing mental health symptoms when faced with COVID-19 patients.

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References

2020Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China 2020Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019 2020A longitudinal study on the mental health of general population during the COVID-19 epidemic in China 2000Gender differences in depression 2020Understanding and Addressing Sources of Anxiety Among Health Care Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic 2020Mental Health Strategies to Combat the Psychological Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Beyond Paranoia and Panic 2020Mental Health and Psychosocial Problems of Medical Health Workers during the COVID-19 Epidemic in China 2020A multinational, multicentre study on the psychological outcomes and associated physical symptoms amongst healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak

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2021Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic in Western frontline healthcare professionals. A systematic review 2021Factors Associated With Psychological Distress in Health-Care Workers During an Infectious Disease Outbreak: A Rapid Systematic Review of the Evidence 2021What We Have Learned from Two Decades of Epidemics and Pandemics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Psychological Burden of Frontline Healthcare Workers

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