Indigenous Peoples have a right to high-quality, available and relevant data to support Indigenous priorities and aspirations, a right increasingly recognized as part of Indigenous Data Sovereignty movements. In addition to the right to data, there is an accompanying right to critical methodologies and approaches to data collection, analysis and interpretation that can produce knowledge of benefit to Indigenous Peoples, that reduce or eliminate the potential for data harm, and that support goals of Indigenous self-determination. In Aotearoa New Zealand, Kaupapa Māori epidemiology challenges some underlying assumptions of prevailing epidemiological methodologies and methods, and proposes alternatives grounded in Māori values, knowledge systems and ontologies. This chapter presents and discusses examples of approaches developed in Aotearoa, including Mana Whakamārama (Equal Explanatory Power), and age-standardization to an Indigenous standard, and considers how Kaupapa Māori quantitative research approaches can support Māori rights and contribute to broader goals of self-determination in Aotearoa.
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