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Subject. The article discusses how the competitiveness and economic security of the Russian economy can be enhanced, while it is constantly suppressed externally. Objectives. We explain the nexus of the economic security and competitiveness of the national economy, viewing them through various shocks from outside. Methods. We herein evaluate the competitiveness of the Russian economy through indicators. The metrics help focus on competitive advantages in S&T, which engenders opportunities for the advanced and safe socio-economic development of economies today. Results. We discovered national challenges that are typical of the Russian practice inhibiting a growth in the competitiveness of the Russian economy and undermining the basis of the economic security. This, indeed, makes the country less competitive and gives way to negative shocks from outside, eroding resources for resistance. Conclusions and Relevance. As long as we identify endogenous and exogenous threats, the special economic security policy of the State seems to strengthen the competitive position of the economy. The policy should pursue the preservation of the existing competitive advantages and create new ones, while cushioning external threats through protectionism and stringer national sovereignty. The findings can be used to outline the economic policy, national strategy, governmental instruments on the socio-economic and S&T development.
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