The Concept of Science in Islamic Civilization the Case Psychology and Behavior Sciences

Abstract

Islamic civilization formed in context of behavioral changing and explaining human behavior in many medieval teachings led to emergence of behavioral science and psychology.Present study proved scientific approach of Islamic civilization to human behavioral research that it has illustrated concept of science in Islamic civilization.The capital of this change in behavior of nations is emergence of human phenomena called Prophet's everyday life.Writing daily life has been common issue of world civilizations since ancient times.This religious phenomenon of Prophetic usage effected on attitude, hygiene which explained in various schools of religious psychology and social psychology, including Gestalt school.The writing of life style of Prophet led to establishment science in Islamic civilization entitled Knowledge of everyday life of Prophet because general phenomenon of character of Mohammad's daily life is like a symphony that has organized behavior of Islamic societies for centuries.The subject of this science is perfect human behavior, which is intuitively understandable to human societies.And it can be considered starting point of knowledge of Islamic behaviorism in Middle Ages.Because this generality exists alongside any partial behavior of Prophet.Within framework of Aristotle's book on the soul Philosophers produced theoretical foundations of Islamic psychology and behaviorism.Alpharabius, Avicenna on soul and its belonging to body and neuroscience of these communications and his research on human sensory perceptions and physical connection of soul and essential place of prophecy in its completion.Islamic behavioral sciences refer to initiatives of Islamic societies.

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