Racializing, Ethnicizing, and Diversity Discourses

Abstract

Abstract In the United States, racializing, ethnicizing, and neoliberal diversity discourses construct the terms of belonging to a larger social order. All hierarchize markedness (the terms of inclusion or exclusion) but in ideologically distinct ways. Racializing discourses emphasize traits (social, psychological, linguistic) assumed to be natural and marked as a danger to the nation. Ethnicizing discourses emphasize traits marked by association with nationality or culture outside the United States but that are interpreted as contributions to the nation. Neoliberal diversity discourses emphasize traits marked by association with nationality or culture outside or marked social groups within the United States but that are also seen as contributions to a corporate order of productivity. The same people might be viewed through any of these three lenses, depending on what motivates the viewers and how that is realized through discursive elements and their linked social processes.

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