Categories and health impacts of intimate partner violence in the World Health Organization multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence

Lucy C Potter · Richard William Morris · Kelsey Lee Hegarty · Claudı́a Garcia‐Moreno · Gene Solomon Feder

198 citations0/0 files storedInternational Journal of Epidemiology

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Intimate Partner and Family Violence Child Abuse and Trauma Elder Abuse and Neglect

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) damages health and is costly to families and society. Individuals experience different forms and combinations of IPV; better understanding of the respective health effects of these can help develop differentiated responses. This study explores the associations of different categories of IPV on women's mental and physical health. METHODS: Using data from the World Health Organization (WHO) Multi-Country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence, multilevel mixed effects logistic regression modelling was used to analyse associations between categories of abuse (physical IPV alone, psychological IPV alone, sexual IPV alone, combined physical and psychological IPV, and combined sexual with psychological and/or physical IPV) with measures of physical and mental health, including self-reported symptoms, suicidal thoughts and attempts, and nights in hospital. RESULTS: Countries varied in prevalence of different categories of IPV. All categories of IPV were associated with poorer health outcomes; the two combined abuse categories were the most damaging. The most common category was combined abuse involving sexual IPV, which was associated with the poorest health [attempted suicide: odds ratio (OR): 10.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.37-13.89, thoughts of suicide: 8.47, 7.03-10.02, memory loss: 2.93, 2.41-3.56]. Combined psychological and physical IPV was associated with the next poorest outcomes (attempted suicide: 5.67, 4.23-7.60, thoughts of suicide: 4.41, 3.63-5.37, memory loss: 2.33, 1.88-2.87-). CONCLUSIONS: Understanding the prevalence and health impact of different forms and categories of IPV is crucial to risk assessment, tailoring responses to individuals and planning services. Previous analyses that focused on singular forms of IPV likely underestimated the more harmful impacts of combined forms of abuse.

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References

1996A 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey 1997Self-Rated Health and Mortality: A Review of Twenty-Seven Community Studies 2013Global and regional estimates of violence against women: prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence.2006Prevalence of intimate partner violence: findings from the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence 2008Intimate partner violence and women's physical and mental health in the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence: an observational study 2011What factors are associated with recent intimate partner violence? findings from the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence 2009Prevalence and Correlates of Emotional, Physical, Sexual, and Financial Abuse and Potential Neglect in the United States: The National Elder Mistreatment Study 2006The Impact of Physical, Psychological, and Sexual Intimate Male Partner Violence on Women's Mental Health: Depressive Symptoms, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, State Anxiety, and Suicide

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2023Health effects associated with exposure to intimate partner violence against women and childhood sexual abuse: a Burden of Proof study 2021Elements of the Design and Implementation of Interventions to Prevent Violence against Women and Girls Associated with Success: Reflections from the What Works to Prevent Violence against Women and Girls? Global Programme

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