Old age and loneliness illustrated by the Zulliger

Jan‐Erik Ruth · P. Obergi · Carl‐Erik Mattlar · Christer Sandahl · Ann-Sofi Öist · Anna Maria Carlsson +1 more

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Psychological Testing and Assessment Personality Traits and Psychology Aging and Gerontology Research

Abstract

Investigated the personality structure in old age, focusing on sociability and loneliness, using the Zulliger Individual and Group Test among 32 noninstitutionalized elderly adults (aged 75–85 yrs) and 36 control adults (aged 31–60 yrs). 15 elderly Ss were considered to be sociable, and 17 were considered to be lonely. J. E. Exner's (1986) comprehensive Rorschach system was used to analyze the data. Sociable Ss were lively and independent, although slightly aggressive and hostile. They showed signs of helplessness and experienced feelings of uneasiness. These Ss retained more liveliness with respect to their basic personality structure compared with lonely Ss. Lonely Ss were more prone to withdraw and simplify their conception of the surrounding world.

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