Yahweh before Israel: Glimpses of History in a Divine Name

Daniel Ε. Fleming

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Biblical Studies and Interpretation Ancient Near East History Ancient Egypt and Archaeology

Abstract

"Yahweh is the proper name of the biblical God. His early character is central to understanding the foundations of Jewish, Christian, and Islamic monotheism. As a deity, the name appears only in connection with the peoples of the Hebrew Bible, but long before Israel, the name is found in an Egyptian list as one group in the land of tent-dwellers, the Shasu. This is the starting-point for Daniel Fleming's sharply new approach to the God Yahweh. In his analysis, the Bible's "people of Yahweh" serve as a clue to how one of the Bronze Age herding peoples of the inland Levant gave its name to a deity, initially outside of any relationship to Israel. For 150 years, the dominant paradigm for Yahweh's origin has envisioned borrowing from peoples of the desert south of Israel. Fleming argues in contrast that Yahweh was not taken from outsiders. Rather, this divine name is evidence for the diverse background of Israel itself"--

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References

1984The Constitution of Society. Outline of the Theory of Structuration 1973Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic 1989Biblical Interpretation in Ancient Israel 1963A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian 2003The Bible unearthed : archaeology's new vision of ancient Israel and the origin of its sacred texts 1992Immanent Art. From Structure to Meaning in Traditional Oral Epic 1994Geschichte der hethitischen Religion 1990Studien zur Komposition des Pentateuch

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2021The Archaeology of Cult of Ancient Israel’s Southern Neighbors and the Midianite-Kenite Hypothesis 2021“Monotheism” and the Hebrew Bible 2021When and from Where did YHWH Emerge? Some Reflections on Early Yahwism in Israel and Judah 2021On Deserted Landscapes and Divine Iconography: Iconographic Perspectives on the Origins of YHWH 2024Edom in Judah 2020The historical origins of the biblical god Yahweh

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