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This chapter takes us to European cultures that followed the fall of Rome and illustrates that many Western assumptions about thoughts, feelings, and behaviors originate in the theology and philosophy of the Middle Ages in Europe. The Roman Christian Church grows slowly in power and wealth throughout the Middle Ages, although the principles by which the Church functions and its doctrines remain relatively fluid through the 11th century. Sometimes, nothing more than a rumor that the Black Death is in the next village is enough to cause the villagers to kill whole families of Jews living near them. But this age of the spirit left its imprint on Western philosophy and later, psychology. The Church focuses on God and life in the hereafter rather than focusing on present lives here and now. The Church teaches that men are at the midpoint between God and inanimate matter, standing just below angels in the hierarchy.
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