Japanese travel behavior trends and change under COVID-19 state-of-emergency declaration: Nationwide observation by mobile phone location data

Yusuke Hara · Hiromichi Yamaguchi

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Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis Transportation Planning and Optimization COVID-19 epidemiological studies

Abstract

In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Japan government could not impose strong restrictions such as lockdowns. Since there has been no such nation-wide behavioral analysis, we calculated indicators of nation-wide behavioral change using data based on mobile phone network.This study shows empirical facts and findings on behavioral changes under COVID-19 "state-of-emergency" declarations in Japan that are obtained by using mobile terminal network operational data. Results show that a significant reduction in trips and inter-prefectural travel was achieved without strong restrictions by the government. In addition, the population density index decreased by 20% and people avoided traveling to densely populated areas. This analysis shows that once people's behavior is changed by the declaration of a state of emergency, it does not return to normal immediately after the lifting of the declaration; rather, it recovers slowly.

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References

2020How COVID-19 and the Dutch ‘intelligent lockdown’ change activities, work and travel behaviour: Evidence from longitudinal data in the Netherlands 2020How is COVID-19 reshaping activity-travel behavior? Evidence from a comprehensive survey in Chicago 2020Impacts of COVID-19 on public transport ridership in Sweden: Analysis of ticket validations, sales and passenger counts 2020The link between bike sharing and subway use during the COVID-19 pandemic: The case-study of New York's Citi Bike 2017Applying mobile phone data to travel behaviour research: A literature review 2020Travel behavior changes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: Analyzing the effects of risk perception and social influence on going-out self-restriction 2020Changes in urban mobility in Sapporo city, Japan due to the Covid-19 emergency declarations 2022Corrigendum to Travel behavior changes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: Analyzing the effects of risk perception and social influence on going-out self-restriction [Transp. Res. Interdiscip. Perspect. 7 (2020) 100181]

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