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The development of market relations in the Russian Federation has complicated the management of regional economic systems due to the strengthening of the independence of economic systems of each rank, both economic entities in the regions and the regions themselves as a whole. The change in management processes is taking place against the background of persisting disproportions between regions, caused both by their inherent objective natural and geographical differences and by differences in the level of their socio-economic development, which further complicates the problem of forming effective mechanisms for managing regional economic systems. In this article, it is proposed to consider the problem of forming an optimal mechanism for managing the regional economic system from the standpoint of the theory of regional reproduction. The theoretical foundations of the formation of the mechanism for managing the economic system are supplemented by the clarification of the concepts of «region», «regional economy» and «control mechanism» in relation to the specificity of the reproduction processes in the regions. This allows us to highlight economic activity through the phenomenon of entrepreneurial activity, as a management factor in the mechanism of management of the regional economic system, to propose theoretical and methodological approaches to its assessment. The method of the multivariate average was used as an estimation method. Based on the results of the assessment, the classification of the regional economic systems of the Russian Federation was carried out and, on its basis, an algorithm was proposed for determining a set of measures for managing economic activity in a region, depending on the type and level of manifestation of entrepreneurial activity in it. The proposed algorithm for differentiating regional management of economic activity will thereby improve the mechanism for managing regional economic systems, enhancing the targeting and efficiency of decisions and measures taken, and will help optimize economic activity in the region.
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