Articlehybrid2021

Worry about COVID-19 contagion and general anxiety: Moderation and mediation effects of cognitive emotion regulation

Roger Muñoz‐Navarro · Elisabeth Malonda · Anna Llorca · Antonio Cano Vindel · Pablo Fernández‐Berrocal

59 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Psychiatric Research

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COVID-19 and Mental Health Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Abstract

The global pandemic caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occasioned that most of the population in Spain was confined to home to reduce the risk of contagion. This affected mental health, increasing anxiety and worry about COVID-19 contagion. The aim of this study was assessing the moderation and mediation effect of cognitive emotion regulation strategies (CERS) on general anxiety and whether the mediation effect was moderated by gender and/or age. A total of 1753 Spanish adults (78,6% female; M = 40.4 years, SD = 12.9) participated in an online survey that was available from March 26 to April 25 (2020) during the time period in which the population in Spain was confined. Participants completed measures of worry about COVID-19 contagion, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire-Short (CERQ-Short) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Several models were tested through structural equation modelling. Moderation analyses reported that maladaptive strategies moderated positively anxiety, whereas adaptive strategies moderated negatively anxiety. Also, the best fitted mediation model found that worry about COVID-19 contagion and general anxiety was mediated by CERS in different directions. Maladaptive CERS increased anxiety, whereas adaptive CERS reduced anxiety. Age (not gender) also moderated this mediation, were younger adults presented an indirect effect only through maladaptive CERS, but older adults through both adaptive and maladaptive. Limitations are related to the study design which was a convenience sample. CERS moderated and mediated between worry about COVID-19 contagion and general anxiety. Prevention programs for mental health problems during the pandemic must be provided, especially for younger adults.

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References

1999Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives 1998Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling 2006A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2020The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence 2020Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China 2020Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019 2009Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review 2020A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID‐19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations

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