Article2021

The Performance of College Students on the Iowa Gambling Task: Differences Between Scoring Approaches

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Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies Psychological Testing and Assessment

Abstract

The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) is one of the most common behavioral decision-making tasks used in clinical and research settings. Less-than-expected performance among healthy adults generates concerns about the validity of this task, and it is possible the particular scoring approach utilized could impact interpretation. We examined how performance patterns changed across several scoring approaches, utilizing a large, college student sample, both with ( n = 406) and without ( n = 1,547) a self-reported history of psychiatric or other diagnosis. Higher net scores were seen when participants selected decks with a low loss frequency than decks with high long-term outcomes; however, participants overall underperformed the IGT normative data sample. Receiver operating characteristic curves examining multiple scoring approaches revealed no threshold of impaired performance that both maximized sensitivity and minimized false positive rate on the IGT. Scoring approach matters in the determination of impaired decision making via the IGT in adults.

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References

1993A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests: Administration, Norms, and Commentary 2002Evaluation of a behavioral measure of risk taking: The Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART).2009To Err is Human: "Abnormal" Neuropsychological Scores and Variability are Common in Healthy Adults 2001Somatic Markers and Response Reversal: Is There Orbitofrontal Cortex Dysfunction in Boys with Psychopathic Tendencies?2005Decision-making impairments in patients with pathological gambling 2008Comparison of Decision Learning Models Using the Generalization Criterion Method 2005Comparison of basic assumptions embedded in learning models for experience-based decision making 2007Is deck B a disadvantageous deck in the Iowa Gambling Task?

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