A global perspective of Indigenous child health research: a systematic review of longitudinal studies

Catherine Lloyd‐Johnsen · Sandra Eades · Bridgette J. McNamara · Anita L D’Aprano · Sharon R Goldfeld

19 citations0/0 files storedInternational Journal of Epidemiology

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Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights Child and Adolescent Health Indigenous Health and Education

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Rigorously designed longitudinal studies can inform how best to reduce the widening health gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous children. METHODS: A systematic review was performed to identify and present the breadth and depth of longitudinal studies reporting the health and well-being of Indigenous children (aged 0-18 years) globally. Databases were searched up to 23 June 2020. Study characteristics were mapped according to domains of the life course model of health. Risk of bias was assessed using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Study Quality Assessment Tools. Reported level of Indigenous involvement was also appraised; PROSPERO registration CRD42018089950. RESULTS: From 5545 citations, 380 eligible papers were included for analysis, representing 210 individual studies. Of these, 41% were located in Australia (n = 88), 22.8% in the USA (n = 42), 11.9% in Canada (n = 25) and 10.9% in New Zealand (n = 23). Research tended to focus on either health outcomes (50.9%) or health-risk exposures (43.8%); 55% of studies were graded as 'good' quality; and 89% of studies made at least one reference to the involvement of Indigenous peoples over the course of their research. CONCLUSIONS: We identified gaps in the longitudinal assessment of cultural factors influencing Indigenous child health at the macrosocial level, including connection to culture and country, intergenerational trauma, and racism or discrimination. Future longitudinal research needs to be conducted with strong Indigenous leadership and participation including holistic concepts of health. This is critical if we are to better understand the systematic factors driving health inequities experienced by Indigenous children globally.

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2009Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement 1977The Measurement of Observer Agreement for Categorical Data 2009Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement.2009Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement 2009Indigenous health part 1: determinants and disease patterns 2004Understanding health and illness: research at the interface between science and indigenous knowledge 2017Indigenous Research Methods: A Systematic Review 2020Assessing the quality of health research from an Indigenous perspective: the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander quality appraisal tool

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