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Stereotype and Skew: Quantifying Gender Bias in Pre-trained and Fine-tuned Language Models

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References

2019HISTORIAE, History of Socio-Cultural Transformation as Linguistic Data Science. A Humanities Use Case16,511 cited
2017Semantics derived automatically from language corpora contain human-like biases2,845 cited
2016Man is to Computer Programmer as Woman is to Homemaker? Debiasing Word Embeddings1,615 cited
2022Amazon Scraps Secret AI Recruiting Tool that Showed Bias against Women *1,165 cited
2021StereoSet: Measuring stereotypical bias in pretrained language models643 cited
2019Mitigating Gender Bias in Natural Language Processing: Literature Review491 cited
2019On Measuring Social Biases in Sentence Encoders461 cited
2020CrowS-Pairs: A Challenge Dataset for Measuring Social Biases in Masked Language Models438 cited
2018Examining Gender and Race Bias in Two Hundred Sentiment Analysis Systems384 cited
2019Measuring Bias in Contextualized Word Representations348 cited
2019Gender Bias in Contextualized Word Embeddings334 cited
2020Gender Bias in Neural Natural Language Processing266 cited
2019Lipstick on a Pig: Debiasing Methods Cover up Systematic Gender Biases in Word Embeddings But do not Remove Them242 cited
2019Lipstick on a Pig: Debiasing Methods Cover up Systematic Gender Biases in Word Embeddings But do not Remove Them155 cited

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2019Assessing Social and Intersectional Biases in Contextualized Word Representations133 cited

2016Women through the glass ceiling: gender asymmetries in Wikipedia114 cited

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2022Choose Your Lenses: Flaws in Gender Bias Evaluation19 cited
2025Fairness and social bias quantification in Large Language Models for sentiment analysis18 cited