Artisanal Ironworks Of The Central Chernozem Region In The 17Th Century

Abstract

This research touches upon history of establishment and development of artisanal ironworks during the Time of Troubles and Riot Age.It is well-known that during this period Russia saw such important events as formation of a common Russian market, appearance of first workhouses based upon separation of labor and manual labor, further formalization of serfdom.All these events took place in the territory of the Central Chernozem Region as well, influencing small-scale production in the region as a whole.The authors emphasize that in the 17th century, during the time of political, social and economic instability in Russia, Central Chernozem Region rose as a center of artisanal metallurgy.Active development of crafts and increased demand for iron items due to agricultural ramp-up that needed more quality iron tools determined formation of regional specifics.The paper uses archival sources to reflect the following features: presence of necessary feed in the form of rich iron ore, limestone, charcoal; increased demand; formation of individual centers of artisanal metallurgy in the regions with a degree of specialization; creation of a foundation for industrial metallurgy in the agrarian region; introduction of a family contract in arrangement of co-operative craft societies; specifics in blacksmith's training.Artisanal production allowed for development of the raw material resources; formation of qualified personnel among the lowscale producers; improvement in technical and production level of metallurgy due to expansion of small artisanal workshops.

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