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The standing stone Maitreya statue of Gwanchoksa Temple is located in 254 Gwanchok-dong, Nonsan-si Chungcheongnam-do. It is a cultural property that was made with stone in the Goryeo Period and was designated as Treasure Number 218 in 1963. It was built along with Gwanchoksa Temple in the 19th year of Gwangjong’s reign in the Goryeo Dynasty. It was created not on a pedestal on a bedrock but on top of the base, and put together with seven separate stones. This essay closely examines the manufacturing techniques for bronze and steel by analyzing the microstructure of the metals used in the ornaments on the standing stone Maitreya statue of Gwanchoksa Temple. To sustain and connect each part of the stone statue, filling material and butterfly-shaped concealed joints were used. The metal components were analyzed with XGT, which affirmed that the material used was not melted lead, as is generally known, but bronze alloy (Cu, Sn, and Pb). The bronze flower ornaments on the ears of the statue are made of copper plate that was annealed after repetitive forging and shaping, and then plated with gold for decorative purposes. The microstructure of the white cast iron that was found in the supporting pins confirmed its connection to the technical system of Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla. In addition, the casting technique using cast iron with high carbon content was employed. Eutectoid steel with high carbon content was used for the iron nails, which shows that eutectoid steel was used during the period to deal with hard stone materials.
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