Évolution ou révolutions dans la pensée démographique ?

Abstract

This paper displays the way demography overrun different pathbreaking issues encountered during its history, draws the main paradigms followed and shows their strengths and weaknesses. From a cross-sectional to a cohort approach demography, from its origins, was a holism. However, these methods were followed by an event history approach, which introduced methodological individualism. Finally, a multilevel approach released demography from the opposition between holism and individualism: it introduces different aggregation levels, to be simultaneously considered, and permits a synthesis of the previous approaches, while going beyond their initial purpose.

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