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Punitivity can be characterized as a ‘a mix of attitudes, enactments, motivations, policies, practices, and ways of thinking that taken together express greater intolerance of deviance and deviants, and greater support for harsher policies and severe punishments’ (Tonry, 2007, p. 5). There are two distinct dimensions to this: systemic responses (for example, sanctions and police practices) and sentiments and attitudes (see also Kury and Shea, 2011).
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Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 11 citations exist upstream.
Papers that cite the same references — the relational fallback while embeddings are still backfilling.
Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.