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The imperial power in Italy was sustained by a state-sponsored monetary economy ensuring the survival of the Byzantine administrative and social model. The paper addresses the evolving patterns of production and use of the three-fold imperial coinage with gold, silver and copper denominations in the various areas controlled by the empire. Three periods are examined successively: from the 6th-century conquest to the collapse of imperial power in the eighth; the era of the “Sicilian monopoly” (8th and 9th centuries); and the 10th–11th centuries, characterized by a monetary supply from external sources. Four main features are studied: the changing importance of each metal; the shrinking variety of denominations struck; the debasement process; the global management of bullion resources. Finally, the availability and circulation of coins is considered from the point of view of official supply from the east: residuality, metrological compatibility between competing monetary systems and the impact of debasement processes upon this compatibility.
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