COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among PLWH in South India: Implications for Vaccination Campaigns

Maria L. Ekstrand · Elsa Heylen · Monica Gandhi · Wayne T. Steward · Matilda Pereira · Krishnamachari Srinivasan

49 citations0/0 files storedJAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research COVID-19 and Mental Health

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The global effort to end the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - Coronavirus 2 pandemic will depend on our ability to achieve a high uptake of the highly efficacious vaccines in all countries. India recently experienced an unprecedented transmission surge, likely fueled by a premature reopening, the highly transmissible delta variant, and low vaccination rates. Indian media have reported high degrees of vaccine hesitancy, which could interfere with efforts to prevent future surges, making it crucial to better understand the reasons for such reluctance in vulnerable populations, such as people living with HIV. METHODS: We conducted telephone interviews with 438 people living with HIV who were participants in a longitudinal cohort, designed to examine and validate novel antiretroviral therapy ART adherence measures. Interviews were conducted in January and February 2021 and covered COVID-19-related questions on confidence in vaccine safety and efficacy, worries of vaccine side effects, trust in COVID-19 information from specific sources, and intent to get vaccinated. RESULTS: Over one-third of participants (38.4%, n = 168) met our definition of "vaccine hesitant" by reporting being either unlikely to get vaccinated at all or wanting to wait. Vaccine hesitancy was associated with lack of confidence in vaccine safety, concerns about side effects and efficacy, and distrust in common sources of vaccine-related information. DISCUSSION: These results highlight several challenges for vaccination efforts. Campaigns may benefit from using trusted sources, including antiretroviral therapy center staff, providing clear information about safety and efficacy and emphasizing the role of vaccines in preventing severe disease, hospitalizations and death, and the reduction of forward transmission to unvaccinated household members.

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References

2020Social media and vaccine hesitancy 2020COVID-19 Related Medical Mistrust, Health Impacts, and Potential Vaccine Hesitancy Among Black Americans Living With HIV 2020Threat of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Pakistan: The Need for Measures to Neutralize Misleading Narratives 2021Online Social Endorsement and Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the United Kingdom 2020Behaviorally Informed Strategies for a National COVID-19 Vaccine Promotion Program

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2022COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Associated Factors among People with HIV in the United States: Findings from a National Survey 2023A systematic review and meta-analysis of the global prevalence and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake in people living with HIV 2023COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among people living with HIV in a low-resource setting: A multi-center study of prevalence, correlates and reasons 2022COVID-19 vaccine acceptability, and uptake among people living with HIV in Uganda 2022COVID-19 Vaccination Willingness Among People Living With HIV in Wuhan, China 2022COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A narrative review of four South Asian countries 2022A statistical analysis of tweets on covid-19 vaccine hesitancy utilizing opinion mining: an Indian perspective

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