Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccination among the General Population in Saudi Arabia

Khalid Al-Mansour · Saad Alyahya · Fouad AbuGazalah · Khaled Ibrahim Alabdulkareem

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Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research COVID-19 and Mental Health

Abstract

Vaccine refusal or hesitancy is one of the significant issues that can have an adverse impact on people's health and their countries' economy. Additionally, vaccine acceptance or refusal could have a decisive role in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to investigate the factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine refusal and hesitancy among the general population in Saudi Arabia. The method is a cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire, and data were collected from 1935 participants between 18 February 2021 and 1 April 2021. Out of 1935 participants aged ≥18 years and residing in Saudi Arabia, 46.9% reported their intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, 22.4% had received the vaccine, 9.5% did not intend to receive the vaccine, and 21.2% had not made their decision. In the multinomial logistic regression models, vaccine refusal was associated with age (OR: 0.961), nationality (OR: 0.182), monthly income of more than SAR 18,000 (OR: 2.325), chronic diseases (OR: 0.521), knowledge about the vaccine (OR: 0.937), and concerns about the vaccine (OR: 1.5). The hesitancy was associated with age (OR: 0.977), nationality (OR: 0.231), monthly income between SAR 6000 to 12,000 (OR: 0.607), chronic diseases (OR: 0.640), knowledge about the vaccine (OR: 0.907), and concerns about the vaccine (OR: 1.3). The main concerns about the vaccine were "COVID-19 vaccines are not tested enough on people", "drug companies are interested in COVID-19 vaccine sales only", and "COVID-19 vaccines have serious adverse effects". Awareness programs and vaccination campaigns should consider people's concerns and correct their misinformation.

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References

1970Determining Sample Size for Research Activities 2020The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19): A review 2021COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Worldwide: A Concise Systematic Review of Vaccine Acceptance Rates 2020Vaccine hesitancy: the next challenge in the fight against COVID-19 2020Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China 2020Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Saudi Arabia: A Web-Based National Survey 2020Coronavirus conspiracy beliefs, mistrust, and compliance with government guidelines in England 2020Acceptance of a COVID-19 Vaccine in Southeast Asia: A Cross-Sectional Study in Indonesia

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2022COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy: A Review of the Literature and Recommendations 2022Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccines among Adults in Lilongwe, Malawi: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on the Health Belief Model 2022Cross-sectional assessment of predictors for COVID-19 vaccine uptake: an online survey in Greece 2022COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and acceptance among the public in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries: A review of the literature

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