Meta-analysis of prevalence: the psychological sequelae among COVID-19 survivors

Bann Khraisat · Ahmad A. Toubasi · Lujain AlZoubi · Thuraya Al-Sayegh · Ahmad T. Mansour

65 citations0/0 files storedInternational Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice

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COVID-19 and Mental Health Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum Long-Term Effects of COVID-19

Abstract

Objective This meta-analysis aims to estimate the pooled prevalence of mental disorders among COVID-19 survivors.Methods The databases Pubmed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and medRxiv have been searched up to 1 August 2021 using COVID-19, survivors, mental disorders, and their related MeSH terms. The included studies were either cross-sectional, cohort, or case–control in design. Those studies included COVID-19 survivors after 14 or more days from their COVID-19 recovery and used validated questionnaires to assess their mental health outcomes. The random-effects model was used to pool the data from the incorporated studies. The heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran’s Q heterogeneity test and I2 statistic.Results Twenty-seven studies were included in the data synthesis with a total sample size of 9605 COVID-19 survivors. The prevalence rates for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), anxiety, psychological distress, depression, and sleeping disorders were 20% (95% CI = 16–24%), 22% (95% CI = 18–27%), 36% (95% CI = 22–51%), 21% (95% CI = 16–28%), and 35% (95% CI = 29–41%), respectively.Conclusions Although we found high heterogeneity across the included studies, our meta-analysis provides evidence that there are psychological sequelae in COVID-19 survivors that require medical assiduity as well as further research on the matter.KEY POINTSIncreased prevalence of psychological sequelae among COVID-19 survivors.The prevalence of PTSD was 20% (95% CI = 16–24%) and of anxiety was 22% (95% CI = 18–27%) among COVID-19 survivors.The prevalence of psychological distress was 36% (95% CI = 22–51%), of depression was 21% (95% CI = 16–28%), and of sleep disorders was 35% (95% CI = 29–41%) among COVID-19 survivors.Future researches are recommended to search for effective and safe methods to mitigate the psychological sequelae in COVID-19 patients.

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References

2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2009Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement 2009Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement 2020Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China 2020Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science 2020The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus and its impact on global mental health 2012Assessing risk of bias in prevalence studies: modification of an existing tool and evidence of interrater agreement 2020Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric presentations associated with severe coronavirus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis with comparison to the COVID-19 pandemic

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