Articlehybrid2021

Measurement Invariance of the GAD-7 and CESD-R-10 Among Adolescents in Canada

Isabella Romano · Mark Anthony Ferro · Karen Allison Patte · Scott Thomas Leatherdale

67 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Pediatric Psychology

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Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of our study was to assess measurement invariance (by grade and sex) of the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Revised (CESD-R-10) scales in a sample of adolescents in Canada. If measurement invariance was demonstrated, our secondary objective was to estimate differences in scale scores across these subgroups. METHODS: We used data from 59,052 adolescents in Year 7 (2018-19) of the COMPASS school-based study. Measurement invariance was tested within a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis framework. Differences in scale scores were estimated using mixed linear regression which accounted for school-level clustering and adjusted for relevant confounders. RESULTS: Both the GAD-7 and CESD-R-10 demonstrated strict measurement invariance by sex and grade in our sample. Mean scale scores were higher among adolescents in grade 12 compared to grade 9 (βGAD-7 = 0.91, p < .001; βCESD-R-10 = 0.99, p < .001) and among female adolescents compared to males (βGAD-7 = 3.36, p < .001; βCESD-R-10 = 2.58, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the validity of the GAD-7 and CESD-R-10 for screening risk of generalized anxiety and depression among Canadian adolescents, and further indicate that differences observed in scale scores across subgroups reflect actual differences in risk for generalized anxiety and major depression, respectively.

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References

1977The CES-D Scale 2006A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder 1989Structural Equations with Latent Variables 2002Evaluating Goodness-of-Fit Indexes for Testing Measurement Invariance 2007Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research 2007Sensitivity of Goodness of Fit Indexes to Lack of Measurement Invariance 2010Lifetime Prevalence of Mental Disorders in U.S. Adolescents: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication–Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A)1994Screening for Depression in Well Older Adults: Evaluation of a Short Form of the CES-D

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