Environmental Costs Generated by Road Freight Transport in Poland

Abstract

The sector of transport, on the one hand, contributes to the socio-economic development; on the other hand, it is the source of multiple external effects with a significant and adverse impact on the society and economy. In spite of many years' experiences in the study of external costs of transport, there are still large discrepancies in research approaches and methods. This article reviewed available studies in the scope of the estimation of external costs in transport and presented own estimations of the level of costs of climate change and air pollution generated by road freight transport in Poland. The estimation of external costs was conducted based on a method developed by Martinio et al. The obtained results of the study confirm the significant adverse effect of road freight transport on the environment. The results may be useful in the selection of appropriate transport policy instruments.

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