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The article is devoted to the methodological aspect of the basic concept of the new direction in Ukrainian archeology (mining archeology) - the concept of “pit”. Some researchers regard this term incorrectly and it often leads to delusions. Consequently, the ideas as to the real scale of mining works carried out in antiquity are misrepresented; accordingly, the data as to the amounts of metal obtained after processing are distorted. In general, the very nature of metal production activity in antiquity seems also distorted. The author focuses attention on the fact that until the clarification of the issue whether mining operations took place simultaneously or in different periods of time, the concepts of “pit” and “pits” in the territory of one ore manifestation should be used with restriction. Analyzing the production activities of the ancient population within the territory of the particular ore manifestation the author considers it appropriate to discuss the number of mine workings, differentiating them by their types. The issue referred to the number of mines operating in the territory of the particular ore manifestation requires further consideration.
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