Public Employee Unionism: A Neglected Social Movement of the 1960s.

Abstract

ThE chAPTERS on the 1960s and early 1970s in recent editions of secondary-level United States history textbooks have done an impressive job in getting beyond the traditional political narratives of presidential administrations to include the movements of protest and reform based on citizen activism. Most textbooks still have—and, of course, still need—chapters or sections on John F. Kennedy’s New Frontier, Lyndon B. Johnson’s Great Society, and Richard Nixon’s election, re-election, and resignation in disgrace, along with the controversial Vietnam War that marked all three administrations. But these are now accompanied not just by chapters on the movement of African Americans for civil rights, but also by chapters or sections with headings such as “Voices of Protest,” “An Era of Activism,” “Other Groups Seek Rights,” “In Pursuit of civil Rights for All,” and “Struggles for change,” in which textbook authors recount how Latinos, American Indians, women, and, in some cases, Asian Americans, students, persons with disabilities, gays and lesbians, and the elderly also sought to overcome prejudice and discrimination.1 Sometimes in these sections, and sometimes in the “political” sections, many textbooks cover as well the rise of the consumer and environmental movements in the 1960s, usually highlighting the roles of Ralph Nader and Rachel carson. certainly, these books published over the past decade and a half have addressed one of the charges leveled against their predecessors by James

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