A cista megalítica do Cerro do Malhão (Alcoutim)

Abstract

In this study, results are presented from an emergency archaeological excavation performed during April and May 2000 on the megalithic cist of Cerro do Malhão (Alcoutim). This site was partially destroyed during the installation of a telecommunication antenna. The full excavation of the monument showed a circular slab covering made of greywacke blocks, surrounding the cist, in its central part. This secondary structure was likely not covered, therefore the upper part of the cista is about 0,5 m above this surface and highly evident. It's the first time that in a megalithic cist such architectonic features are recognized. The closest example in Portuguese territory belongs to the megalithic cist of Castelejo (Vila Nova de Paiva) published by G. Leisner, which presents in the base of one of the minor monoliths a hole suggesting that it could be originally uncovered, like the Algarvian monument. The megalithic cist of Cerro do Malhão can be time framed between the Late Neolithic and the Chalcolithic, and is likely older than the cists from regional Late Chalcolithic such as Horizonte de Ferradeira, defined by H. Schubart.

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