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Public decisions regarding investment in the improvement of infrastructure are analyzed to assess investment efficiency. One of the microeconomic methodologies used in the case of transport infrastructure is the Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA). The present paper applies this technique to the construction of the Tunnel of Cadi. The investment for this infrastructure seems to have a clear social justification since it provides better accessibility to several regions in the Pyrenees that were historically isolated. It is also part of the road network that will connect Barcelona and Paris, of utmost interest for the European Union. Nevertheless, the usefulness of an ex-post CBA is shown in the paper, since contrary to the first belief, a negative social profitability of the tunnel is found. Among the reasons for these results are the increase in the number of accidents and a lower generalized cost reduction due to congestion problems.
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