Nudging healthcare professionals to improve treatment of COVID-19: a narrative review

Abstract

We conducted a narrative review to explore the role of nudging in supporting HCPs in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.Studies eligible for inclusion were: (1) interventions conducted in a clinical setting targeting healthcare personnel, (2) behavioural interventions using the term nudging, (3) randomised controlled trials, quasi-experimental or longitudinal (beforeafter) studies, (4) original research articles published in English and in peer-reviewed journals between 2010 and 2020.Articles were searched by an information specialist at the university library on two electronic databases: PubMed and PsycINFO.We searched the term 'nudging', 'nudges', or 'nudge' in the titles or abstracts of articles published from January 2010 to December 2020.Two of the authors performed individual blinded screening of titles and abstracts from the search using the Rayyan QCRI systematic review tool.16 Studies were selected in three phases: (a) removing duplicates, (b) screening titles and abstracts, and (c) screening full-text articles.Articles that described an intervention to change the behaviour of HCPs in a clinical setting and deemed relevant to COVID-19 were included.Reviews, opinion letters, editorials, and publications that were not published in English were excluded and nudging interventions not relevant to the treatment of COVID-19 (The table is in the repository Zenodo.https:// doi. org/ 10. 5281/ zenodo. 5545926).The blind was then lifted, and any disagreements between authors were discussed with a third author until a consensus was reached.

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