O Corredor Cultural e os processos históricos da preservação do Centro do Rio de Janeiro, 1970-1989

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to discuss the history of urban heritage in Rio de Janeiro from the 1970s until the beginning of the 1980s and its centrality in this city's urban policies, especially in the 'Corredor Cultural' project.We propose a historical reflection on the constitution of this urban heritage in the 1970s and 1980s, when the theme gained importance and achievements were made in national and international scales.Focusing on one of the most significant experiences in Brazil, the one in Rio de Janeiro, the aim is to contribute to a historical understanding of the processes that constitute the national heritage.The research is grounded in wide and unknown primary printed sources consulted in heritage institutions in Rio de Janeiro such as the 'Instituto Rio Patrimônio da Humanidade', the 'Arquivo Central do Iphan', and the Inepac's -'Instituto do Patrimônio Cultural do Rio de Janeiro' -archives, as well as interviews with fundamental local actors in heritage and urbanism in those years.Using the primary sources, cartographical bases were created documenting the project and the urban policies which are important instruments of research.Some central questions guide the reflections in this paper:1. How are the aesthetical values composing the national heritage practices since the 1930s broken with the ' Corredor Cultural'?2. What is the role of the cultural heritage institutions such as Iphan and Inepac in the constitution of new practices of urban heritage in this period?3. Which urban practices and concepts make the project for the preservation in Rio's centre unique within the national heritage framework and amongst the discussions on urban planning?4. How is it inserted in the debate on the cultural uses of the city and the architecture, so fundamental in diverse urban projects in the 1970s onwards?

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