Synthesis

Abstract

Abstract Sixteen detailed country case studies are analysed, studies which collectively represent nearly three-quarters of the sub-Saharan African population. The study begins with emphasis on the diversity encountered and consequent perils confronting the generalizer. Consideration of four populous countries—Nigeria, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, and South Africa—countries that contain 41 per cent of the subcontinent’s population—reveals that the experiences and development challenges facing them differ enormously. For example, the recent sharp drop in world oil prices represents a serious threat to macroeconomic stability for major oil exporters such as Nigeria, whereas it is likely to be a boon for large and dispersed structural fuel importers such as Ethiopia. From a development policy perspective, the foremost issues in the minds of decision-makers in these countries are very different. However there is a lot that is shared, such as a people’s desire for better lives for themselves and their families.

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