Creative industries in Spain: the case of printing and publishing

Abstract

Introduction Creative industries are a highly relevant economic phenomenon. In 2005, they generated 6.1 per cent of the world gross domestic product (GDP) (US$2,706 billion) and 3.4 per cent of total world trade (Howkins 2007; UNCTAD 2010). They also provide wealth to the nations and regions that host them; an increase of 1 per cent in the share of creative industries among regional employment figures generates an average premium of €1,400 in the GDP per capita of the EU region (De Miguel et al. forthcoming).

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