The occasion of the coming of the Normans to southern Italy

Abstract

Historians looking at the first arrival of the Normans in southern Italy have tended to conflate uncritically a wide variety of sources. The diversity of stories was present from very early times and sprang from the very nature of the ‘free enterprise’ conquest of southern Italy. The nature of the stories, especially the account of Amatus of Monte Cassino, which embodies poetic material, has been insufficiently understood. This article stresses the links between the Norman arrival and papal policy, showing that the Normans arrived in 1017 and no earlier. Emphasis is laid upon the testimony of Rodolphus Glaber .

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