Theories of the Multinational Enterprise

Jean‐François Hennart

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International Business and FDI Innovation and Knowledge Management Outsourcing and Supply Chain Management

Abstract

Abstract A critical survey is presented of some of the theories that have been used to explain why multinational enterprises (MNEs) exist, with special emphasis on the transaction costs/internalization approach. The first part of the chapter discusses early capital flow and industrial organization theories in the evolution of the MNE. The second part focuses on transaction costs/internalization theories, which are now dominant theories of the MNE.

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References

1976Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure 1976Markets and Hierarchies: Analysis and Antitrust Implications.1977The Internationalization Process of the Firm—A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments 1987Appropriating the Returns from Industrial Research and Development 1974Complex Organizations: A Critical Essay.1987The choice of organizational form The case of franchising 1962The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity 1996Bad for Practice: A Critique of the Transaction Cost Theory

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