Scientific Management

Abstract

The scientific management movement is initiated by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Logically, Taylorism belongs to the chain of development of management methods and the organization of labor, and not to the development of technology, in which its role was minor. This chapter outlines the principles of Taylorism, and clarifies the role of the Taylor school in the development of management theory. The stages of management control over labor before Taylor had included, progressively: the gathering together of the workers in a workshop and the dictation of the length of the working day; the supervision of workers to ensure diligent, intense, or uninterrupted application; the enforcement of rules against distractions that were thought to interfere with application; the setting of production minimums; etc. A worker is under management control when subjected to these rules, or to any of their extensions and variations.

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