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Conwy Lloyd Morgan's Canon remains widely accepted primarily because it is seen as a bulwark against a natural bias of human beings towards explaining animal behavior in terms of sophisticated, human-like cognitive capacities, when the relevant behavior might be the product of less sophisticated causes. The chapter distinguishes four formulations of the Canon that one can find explicitly or implicitly in the literature. They are the prohibitive canon, the conservative canon, the restraining canon and the cautionary canon. The categorical anti-cognitivism embodied in the Prohibitive Canon has received much criticism. The logic thought to motivate Morgan's Canon actually runs against the Conservative Canon. If the problem Karin D'Arcy and other advocates of the Canon are concerned with is researchers endorsing explanations of animal behavior without due attention being paid to alternatives, we can see that the asymmetry built into the Restraining Canon is quite inappropriate as a response.
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