This chapter begins with a discussion on ‘ageism’, which is defined as the ‘process of systematic stereotyping of and discrimination against people because they are old…’, and the recent developments in society and geriatric studies that have helped overturn this negative view on the elderly and the ageing process. The concept of ‘successful ageing’ is explored in detail in the book, beginning with a brief history of gerontology. Models of successful biological ageing are then presented, which are found to be rooted in the compression of morbidity and longevity. A discussion is then provided on average lifespan versus ‘maximum lifespan’, and the factors linking and affecting these two, which involve a combination of genetics, nutrition, and other lifestyle variables. The multicriteria models of successful ageing are also reviewed. The remainder of the chapter identifies positive attitudes and self-concept as protective factors against the effects of age on the organism.
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