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Determination of sex from the femur measurements has been attempted in several populations. Numerous studies have also demonstrated the importance of creating population specific standards in the metric assessment of sex. The present study attempts to establish metric standards for sex determination by using femur measurements for ancient Anatolian populations. Osteometric data were obtained from skeletal remains of 130 adults (67 males and 63 females) from the Dilkaya medieval collection. Eight femur measurements were taken and the data were analyzed using t-test and discriminant analysis with the help of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The basic statistics showed that all measurements were sexually dimorphic. For the univariate discriminant function derived, precision of sex determination was 86.5 % with the condyle breadth. Our prediction values showed that sex differentiation can be done by femur measurements with reliability between 76 % and 88.5 %, with values for female slightly higher than for males. It is suggested that discriminant formulas developed by combinations of femur measurements in this study can be used for sex determination accurately on fragmentary skeletal remains in ancient Anatolian populations.
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